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Why Bank Overdrafts May Be A Bad Deal For You

By: Prakash Menon

Many banks actively encourage their clients with low balances to overdraw their accounts.

That means, if the customer writes a check or uses her debit card and has insufficient funds in the account, the bank clears the check by granting a temporary overdraft (a short-term loan), up to a specific limit. The customer is saved from the problems of bounced checks or interrupted shopping sprees.

Sounds like a good deal for the customers, right? That's what the banks say. They claim overdrafts are an added convenience to customers.

The truth is, they're often a very bad deal for the customers. Here's why.

An overdraft occurs when withdrawals from a bank account exceed the available balance; i.e. over-drawings. This gives the account a negative balance and in effect means the account provider is offering credit.

Let's see how that works. Overdraft plans fees may be as high as $35 per check. We'll assume a more conservative fee of $20 per check. If you have four checks totaling $200 that have insufficient funds against them and the bank automatically activates the overdraft and clears those checks, you will owe $80 in overdraft charges.

Unlike revolving lines of credit which you can repay at your convenience, an overdraft has to be settled in just a few days. Let's say the bank allows you to run the overdraft for 14 days.

A loan of $200 for 14 days incurring charges of $80 translates into an Annual Percentage Rate (APR) of 1043%!

A "convenience" for customers? Not at these rates.

What does this remind you of? It reminds me of payday loans and cash advances. That’s the other kind of lending that costs you such sky-high APRs. In fact, if you choose to repay a cash advance on due date and not roll it over, you'll likely be charged far less than what the banks charge you for an overdraft.

It gets even worse. Banks have software that ensures that your largest value checks and debits get processed first. There may be some logic to that. However, this arrangement also means that when there are insufficient funds in your account, instead of paying one overdraft charge on one large check, you pay several charges on several smaller checks!

Plus, most customers don't even realize that they are overdrawn until the bank notifies them about it.

Consumer advocates say that banks are perfectly aware that many people barely make it from payday to payday. These customers typically have very low balances. Rather than offer them a service that would be in their interests, banks extract high fees from them to cover bounced checks.

If you are caught short between paychecks, consider arranging funds from other sources rather than turn to overdraft protection. The best solution to the problem is to systematically build up cash balances so that you don't face such a situation in the first place.